Journal section PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES
On the guidelines for assessing psychological readiness for release of convicts with life imprisonment sentences
The article deals with topical issues of assessing the psychological readiness of convicts with life sentences to release. A brief analysis of the positive experience of foreign countries in the issues of granting parole to prisoners sentenced to life sentence is given. The structure and substantive description of the psychological readiness of the personality of the convicted person for life imprisonment in the context of the realization of the right to parole is presented in sufficient detail. The analysis of the most typical statements of prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment, explaining their attitudes, due to a combination of factors that impede the process of re-socialization of this category of convicts. A set of topical issues arising from further support of life-sentenced prisoners in the process of preparing for release on parole and the actual implementation of the release procedure itself has been determined. The risk factors were thoroughly considered within the framework of the model of the system for assessing readiness for release of those sentenced to life imprisonment.
Keywords: psychological readiness; risk assessment; risk assessment criteria.
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Deputy Head of the Psychological Faculty of the Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penal Service of Russia, PhD. in Psychology, Associate Professor
ORCID 0000-0002-0841-676X
, e-mail balamut01@yandex.ru
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Professor of the Department of Scientific Foundations of Extreme Psychology of the Faculty of Extreme Psychology of Moscow State Psychological and Pedagogical University, Dsc. in Psychology, Professor
ORCID 0000-0001-9487-4435
, e-mail pozdnaykov@flc.ru
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Russ.).
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force of the Criminal Executive code of the Russian Federation) : collection of abstracts and reports of participants (Ryazan,
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pozhiznennogo lisheniya svobody: organizacionno-pravovoj i metodicheskij aspekty [The problem of psychological
monitoring of the transformation of the personality of convicts during the serving of life imprisonment: organizational,
legal and methodological aspects]. Psihologo-pedagogicheskoe obespechenie ispolneniya nakazaniya v otnoshenii
osuzhdennyh k pozhiznennomu lisheniyu svobody : sb. nauch. st. / pod obshch. red. kand. psihol. nauk N. G. Soboleva
– Psychological and pedagogical support of the execution of the punishment against the convicted to life imprisonment :
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[Psychology of optimization of relations between employees and convicts in correctional institutions]. Ugolovnoe nakazanie
v Rossii i za rubezhom: teoriya i praktika : sb. materialov mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. – Criminal punishment in Russia
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p. (In Russ.).
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resocializacionnogo potenciala : avtoref. dis. ... d-ra soc. nauk [Conceptualization of socio-economic and demographic
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136 p. (In Russ.).
Russ.).
2. Anfinogenov V. A. Subkul’tura osuzhdennyh i ee vliyanie na ih povedenie v usloviyah izolyacii : avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid.
nauk [Subculture convicts and its impact on their behavior in isolation : the author’s abstract of the diss. ... PhD. in Law].
Stavropol, 2016. 27 p. (In Russ.).
3. Afanas’eva O. R. Teoreticheskie osnovy kriminologicheskogo issledovaniya i minimizacii social’nyh posledstvij
nasil’stvennoj prestupnosti : avtoref. dis. … d-ra yurid. nauk [Theoretical bases of criminological research and minimization
of social consequences of violent crime : the author’s abstract of the diss. ... Dsc. in Law]. Moscow, 2014. (In Russ.).
4. Babayan S. L. Pooshchritel’nye instituty ugolovno-ispolnitel’nogo prava (teoriya i praktika primeneniya) : avtoref. dis. …
d-ra yurid. nauk [Promotional institutions of the criminal enforcement law (theory and practice) : the author’s abstract of the
diss. ... Dsc. in Law]. Moscow, 2014. (In Russ.).
5. Balamut A. N. Aktual’nye voprosy sistemy ocenivaniya stepeni gotovnosti osuzhdennyh s pozhiznennymi srokami
otbyvaniya nakazaniya k uslovno-dosrochnomu osvobozhdeniyu [Topical issues of the system of assessing the degree
of readiness of convicts with life terms of serving a sentence for parole]. Institut resocializacii osuzhdennyh: sostoyanie,
problemy i perspektivy razvitiya : sb. materialov vseros. nauch.-prakt. konf. (Kirov, 26–27 oktyabrya 2017 g.) – Institute
of resocialization of convicts: state, problems and prospects of development : collection of materials of the all-Russian
scientific-practical conference (Kirov, October 26–27, 2017). Kirov, 2017. P. 138–140. (In Russ.).
6. Balamut A. N. Osuzhdennye k pozhiznennomu lisheniyu svobody i puti okazaniya im psihologicheskoj pomoshchi :
monogr. [Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment and ways of providing them with psychological assistance : monograph].
Moscow, 2009. 198 p. (In Russ.).
7. Balamut A. N. Psihologicheskoe soprovozhdenie osuzhdennyh k pozhiznennomu lisheniyu svobody v ramkah podgotovki
ih k osvobozhdeniyu (s uchetom vozmozhnosti predostavleniya uslovno-dosrochnogo osvobozhdeniya) : prakt. ruk.
[Psychological support for prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment in preparation for their release (taking into account the
possibility of parole) : practical guide]. Vologda, 2017. 74 p. (In Russ.).
8. Belocerkovskij S. D. Kriminologicheskie osnovy pravovogo regulirovaniya bor’by s organizovannoj prestupnost’yu :
avtoref. dis. … d-ra yurid. nauk [Criminological bases of legal regulation of fight against organized crime : the author’s
abstract of the diss. ... Dsc. in Law]. Moscow, 2018. 57 p. (In Russ.).
9. Bishop N. Voprosy i otvety po soderzhaniyu osuzhdennyh k pozhiznennomu lisheniyu svobody [Questions and answers
on the content of prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment]. Almaty, 2007. 10 p. (In Russ.).
10. Gilinskij YA. I. Kriminologiya: teoriya, istoriya, ehmpiricheskaya baza, social’nyj kontrol’. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop.
[Criminology: theory, history, empirical base, social control. 2nd ed., rev. and augm.]. St. Petersburg, 2009. 504 p. (In Russ.).
11. Gorbach D. V. Uslovno-dosrochnoe osvobozhdenie ot otbyvaniya nakazaniya v vide pozhiznennogo lisheniya svobody :
avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid. nauk [Parole from serving a sentence of life imprisonment : the author’s abstract of the diss. ...
PhD. in Law]. Ryazan, 2012. 24 p. (In Russ.).
12. Druzhinin V. N. Varianty zhizni. Ocherki ehkzistencial’noj psihologii [Life options. Essays on existential psychology].
Moscow ; St. Petersburg, 2000. 135 p. (In Russ.).
13. Kazakova E. N. Opyt resocializacii i social’noj reabilitacii pozhiznenno zaklyuchennyh v Kanade [Experience of resocialization and social rehabilitation of life prisoners in Canada]. Vestn. in-ta: prestuplenie, nakazanie, ispravlenie – Bulletin
of the Institute: Crime, Punishment, Correction. 2008. Iss. 3. P. 50–55. (In Russ.).
14. Lausen B. V. Osvobozhdenie zaklyuchennyh, prigovorennyh k dlitel’nym srokam, na usloviyah probacii [Release of
prisoners sentenced to long terms, on probation]. Almaty, 2010. 66 p. (In Russ.).
15. Mazurina YU. E. Ugolovnoe nakazanie v vide pozhiznennogo lisheniya svobody i ego ob»ekt : avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid.
nauk [Criminal punishment in the form of life imprisonment and its object : the author’s abstract of the diss. ... PhD. in Law].
Ryazan, 2010. 24 p. (In Russ.).
16. Muhina V. S. Psihologicheskoe soprovozhdenie pozhiznenno osuzhdennyh nasil’stvennyh prestupnikov [Psychological
support for life of convicted violent criminals]. Psihologo-pedagogicheskoe obespechenie ispolneniya nakazaniya v
otnoshenii osuzhdennyh k pozhiznennomu lisheniyu svobody : sb. nauch. st. / pod obshch. red. kand. psihol. nauk N.
G. Soboleva – Psychological and pedagogical support of the execution of the punishment against the convicted to life
imprisonment : collection of scientific articles : ed. by PhD. in Psychology N. G. Sobolev. Vologda, 2014. P. 23–25. (In
Russ.).
17. Nazarov D. A. Pozhiznennoe lishenie svobody v Respublike Koreya [Life imprisonment in the Republic of Korea]. III
Mezhdunarodnyj penitenciarnyj forum «Prestuplenie, nakazanie, ispravlenie» (k 20-letiyu vstupleniya v silu Ugolovnoispolnitel’nogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii) : sb. tez. vystuplenij i dokl. uchastnikov (g. Ryazan’, 21–23 noyabrya 2017
g.) : v 8 t. – III international penitentiary forum «Crime, punishment, correction» (to the 20th anniversary of the entry into
force of the Criminal Executive code of the Russian Federation) : collection of abstracts and reports of participants (Ryazan,
November 21–23, 2017) : in 8 vol. Ryazan, 2017. Vol. 1. P. 164–166. (In Russ.).
18. Parygin B. D. Social’naya psihologiya. Problemy metodologii, istorii i teorii [Social psychology. Problems of methodology,
history and theory]. St. Petersburg, 1999. 592 p. (In Russ.).
19. Pihov A. H.-A. Teoreticheskie osnovy protivodejstviya transnacional’noj prestupnosti : avtoref. dis. … d-ra yurid. nauk
[The theoretical framework of combating transnational crime : the author’s abstract of the diss. ... Dsc. in Law]. Krasnodar,
2018. 55 p. (In Russ.).
20. Pozdnyakov V. M. Problema psihologicheskogo monitoringa transformacii lichnosti osuzhdennyh pri otbytii
pozhiznennogo lisheniya svobody: organizacionno-pravovoj i metodicheskij aspekty [The problem of psychological
monitoring of the transformation of the personality of convicts during the serving of life imprisonment: organizational,
legal and methodological aspects]. Psihologo-pedagogicheskoe obespechenie ispolneniya nakazaniya v otnoshenii
osuzhdennyh k pozhiznennomu lisheniyu svobody : sb. nauch. st. / pod obshch. red. kand. psihol. nauk N. G. Soboleva
– Psychological and pedagogical support of the execution of the punishment against the convicted to life imprisonment :
collection of scientific articles : ed. by PhD. in Psychology N. G. Sobolev. Vologda, 2014. P. 5–15. (In Russ.).
21. Pozdnyakov V. M. Psihologiya optimizacii vzaimootnoshenij sotrudnikov i osuzhdennyh v ispravitel’nyh uchrezhdeniyah
[Psychology of optimization of relations between employees and convicts in correctional institutions]. Ugolovnoe nakazanie
v Rossii i za rubezhom: teoriya i praktika : sb. materialov mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. – Criminal punishment in Russia
and abroad: theory and practice : proceedings of the international scientific-practical conference. Vologda, 2005. P. 127–
139. (In Russ.).
22. Romashov R. A., Tonkov E. N. Tyur’ma kak «Grad zemnoj» [The prison as «the earthly city»]. St. Petersburg, 2014. 656
p. (In Russ.).
23. Temaev T. V. Konceptualizaciya social’no-ehkonomicheskih i demograficheskih osnovanij realizacii penitenciarnogo
resocializacionnogo potenciala : avtoref. dis. ... d-ra soc. nauk [Conceptualization of socio-economic and demographic
foundations of penal re-socialization potential : the author’s abstract of the diss. ... Dsc. in Sociology]. Saratov, 2017. 39
p. (In Russ.).
24. Uglickih D. V. Organizaciya i pravovye osnovy deyatel’nosti ispravitel’nyh uchrezhdenij v sfere nadzora za osuzhdennymi,
otbyvayushchimi nakazanie v vide pozhiznennogo lisheniya svobody : avtoref. dis. … kand. yurid. nauk [Organization and
legal framework of correctional institutions in the field of supervision of convicts serving a sentence of life imprisonment :
the author’s abstract of the diss. ... PhD. in Law]. Pskov, 2011. 28 p. (In Russ.).
25. Utkin V. A., Detkov A. P. Pozhiznennoe lishenie svobody : ucheb. posobie [Life imprisonment : tutorial]. Tomsk, 1997.
136 p. (In Russ.).
