Journal section JURISPRUDENCE
Development of the Chinese legal system: on the issue of combining law and morality
Balchindorzhieva O.B., Myakhanova A. N., Skiba A. P. Development of the Chinese legal system: on the issue of combining law and morality. Penitenciarnaya nauka = Penitentiary Science. 2020; 14(3):303–309. (In Russ.). DOI 10.46741/2686-9764-2020-14-3-303-309.
The article examines the peculiarities of the formation in China the
«supremance of law» as the management of society through strict observance of laws, which
does not imply the subjective discretion of law enforcement officials. The development
of Chinese legislation based on the legal theory of management methods, including in
law enforcement, under the influence of moral rules adopted in society, which implies
understanding and approval of the population when applying them, is studied separately.
Currently, in China, there is a kind of harmonious combination of law and morality («rule
of law» and «governance on the basis of morality»), and the legislation itself absorbs the
moral rules adopted in society and develops under their influence. The approach that
took place in the USSR, based on the wide involvement of the public in governing the
state, administering justice, ensuring law and order, the execution of criminal penalties
and other measures of influence against offenders, as a whole justified itself, including
through the use of measures of social influence based on the rules morality. The Chinese
experience testifies to the possibility in Russia comprehensively achieving the goals of
applying criminal penalties in the form of restoring social justice, correcting convicts and
preventing the commission of new crimes provided for in Art. 43 of the Criminal Code of
the Russian Federation.
Keywords: the law system of China; the supremance of law; morality rules; the purpose of applying criminal penalties
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Associate Professor of the Department of Philosophy of the Buryat State University named after Dorzhi Banzarov, Ulan-Ude, Russian Federation, Dsc. in Philosophy, Associate Professor.
ORCID 0000-0003-3505-903X
, e-mail baoyu2008@yandex.ru
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Associate Professor of the Department of Criminal Law and Criminology of the Buryat State University named after Dorzhi Banzarov, UlanUde, Russian Federation, Retired Judge.
ORCID 0000-0003-8998-7363
, e-mail alex27-m@mail.ru
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Head of the Department of Penal Law of the Academy of the Federal Penal Service of Russia, Ryazan, Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Criminal Law Disciplines of the St. Petersburg University of the Federal Penal Service of Russia, Dsc. in Law, Associate Professor.
ORCID 0000-0001-7953-9743
, e-mail apskiba@mail.ru
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kodeks Korejskoj Narodno-Demokraticheskoj Respubliki» [Review of the publication, prepared by A. V. Kovsh and
Yu. D. Skripnik, on the topic «The Criminal Code of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea»]. Ugolovno-ispolnitel’noe
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[Peculiarities of reforming public authorities of the PRC]. Vestnik Buryatskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Bulletin of
the Buryat State University, 2007, no. 11, pp. 100–101. (In Russ.).
17. Eksperty: 4-j plenum KPK 18-go sozyva stanet vekhovym sobytiem v istorii kitajskogo prava [Experts: 4th Plenary
Session of 18th CPC Will Become a Milestone in the History of Chinese Law]. Available at: http://www.ifes-ras.ru/centerdoc-news/1229-news-141020 (accessed 01.11.2014). (In Russ.).
[The concept of the state in the philosophical teachings of Ancient China and their modern meaning]. Vestnik Buryatskogo
gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Bulletin of the Buryat State University, 2020, no. 1, pp. 32–38. (In Russ.).
2. Gegel’ G. V. F. Lekcii po istorii filosofii. Kniga 1 [Lectures on the history of philosophy. Book 1]. St. Petersburg, 1993.
349 p. (In Russ.).
3. Krymov A. A., Skiba A. P. (red.) Ugolovno-ispolnitel’noe zakonodatel’stvo v usloviyah stihijnogo bedstviya, vvedeniya
chrezvychajnogo ili voennogo polozheniya [Criminal executive legislation in the context of natural disaster, state of
emergency or martial law]. Moscow, 2018. 296 p. (In Russ.).
4. Drevnekitajskaya filosofiya. V 2 tomah. Tom 2 [Ancient Chinese philosophy. In 2 vol. Vol 2]. Moscow, 1972. 384 p.
(In Russ.).
5. Kaidzuka S. Konfucij. Pervyj uchitel’ Podnebesnoj [Confucius. The first teacher of the Middle Kingdom]. Available at:
http://www.abirus.ru/content/564/623/625/647/12514/ (accessed 14.07.2014). (In Russ.).
6. Krymov A. A., Skiba A. P. (red.) Kollizii zakonodatel’stva Rossii i ryada stran (kratkij nauchnyj kommentarij) [Collisions of
the legislation of Russia and a number of countries (short scientific commentary)]. Moscow, 2018. 407 p. (In Russ.).
7. KPK sformulirovala novyj plan v sfere verhovenstva zakona [CPC Formulates New Rule of Law Plan]. Available at: http://
www.ifes-ras.ru/center-doc-news/1229-news-141024 (accessed 01.11.2014). (In Russ.).
8. Li Buyun’ 依法治国”有待厘清的法治概念 (Koncepciya «verhovenstva prava» nuzhdaetsya v utochnenii) [依法 治国 ”有
待 厘清 的 法治 概念 (The concept of“ rule of law ”needs clarification)]. Available at: http://opinion.caixin.com/2014-08-
20/100719449.html (accessed 01.11.2014). (In Russ.).
9. Lyu YUjnin Modernizaciya pravovoj sistemy Kitaya [Modernizing China’s Legal System]. Teoriya i praktika
obshchestvennogo razvitiya – Theory and practice of social development, 2017, no. 6. Available at: https://cyberleninka.
ru/article/n/modernizatsiya-pravovoy-sistemykitaya (accessed 04.05.2020). (In Russ.).
10. Osnovnye tezisy kommyunike 4-go plenuma KPK 18-go sozyva [Main theses of the communiqué of the 4th Plenum of
the CPC of the 18th convocation]. Available at: http://www.ifes-ras.ru/center-doc-news/1229-news-141024 (accessed
01.11.2014). (In Russ.).
11. Perelomov L. S. Guan’ CHzhun [Guan Zhong]. Kitajskaya filosofiya [Chinese Philosophy]. Moscow, 1994, pp. 77–78.
(In Russ.).
12. Perelomov L. S. Konfucianstvo i legizm v politicheskoj istorii Kitaya [Confucianism and Legalism in the Political History
of China]. Moscow, 1981. 333 p. (In Russ.).
13. Perelomov L. S. Konfucij: Lun’yuj [Confucius: Lunyu]. Moscow, 1998. 588 p. (In Russ.).
14. Skiba A. P., Kovsh A. V., Myahanova A. N. Vidy nakazanij i ih soderzhanie po Ugolovnomu kodeksu Korejskoj NarodnoDemokraticheskoj Respubliki (sravnitel’no-pravovoj analiz s otdel’nymi normami rossijskogo zakonodatel’stva) [Types of
punishments and their content under the Criminal Code of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (comparative legal
analysis with certain norms of Russian legislation)]. YUridicheskoe obrazovanie i nauka – Legal education and science,
2018, no. 10, pp. 20–23. (In Russ.).
15. Skiba A. P., Myahanova A. N. Recenziya na izdanie, podgotovlennoe A. V. Kovsh i YU. D. Skripnik, na temu: «Ugolovnyj
kodeks Korejskoj Narodno-Demokraticheskoj Respubliki» [Review of the publication, prepared by A. V. Kovsh and
Yu. D. Skripnik, on the topic «The Criminal Code of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea»]. Ugolovno-ispolnitel’noe
pravo – Penal law, 2018, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 339–340. (In Russ.).
16. Cyrendorzhieva D. SH., Bal’chindorzhieva O. B. Osobennosti reformirovaniya organov gosudarstvennoj vlasti KNR
[Peculiarities of reforming public authorities of the PRC]. Vestnik Buryatskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta – Bulletin of
the Buryat State University, 2007, no. 11, pp. 100–101. (In Russ.).
17. Eksperty: 4-j plenum KPK 18-go sozyva stanet vekhovym sobytiem v istorii kitajskogo prava [Experts: 4th Plenary
Session of 18th CPC Will Become a Milestone in the History of Chinese Law]. Available at: http://www.ifes-ras.ru/centerdoc-news/1229-news-141020 (accessed 01.11.2014). (In Russ.).
