Introduction: the article considers grounds for criminalistic classification of crimes causing intentional injuries committed by convicts serving sentences in places of deprivation of liberty. Purpose: based on the analysis and generalization of theoretical and practical materials, an attempt is made to formulate the most characteristic grounds for the criminalistic classification of the analyzed criminal acts and reveal their contents. Methods: the dialectical method of cognition, general scientific methods of analysis and generalization, empirical methods of description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic are used in the research. Results: the article reveals in detail the content of general (territory, situation, community of correctional institutions; prevalence of informal norms of behavior in places of deprivation of liberty, which most convicts adhere to) and private grounds (specifics of personality traits of a criminal, victim and witnesses; specifics of behavior before and after crime commission) for classification of crimes that make up the group for which the investigation method will be worked out. Conclusions: based on the available research, which highlights the universal basis – the criminal legal object, it is concluded that there are two groups of grounds (general and special) for classification of crimes causing intentional harm to life and health committed by convicts serving imprisonment sentences.
Keywords: places of deprivation of liberty; convicted persons; crimes; intentional injuries; classification; grounds; investigation; ethodology.
Dechkin O. M. -
Lecturer of the Department of Criminal Procedure, Criminalistics and Investigation of the Law Faculty of the Vologda Institute of Law and Economics of the Federal Penal Service of Russia.
ORCID 0000-0002-4956-8655
, e-mail olegd4105@mail.ru
Shurukhnov Nikolai G. -
Doctor of Sciences (Law), Professor, Leading Researcher of the Group for Training of Scientific-Pedagogical and Scientific Personnel of the Office of the Academic Secretary of Post Graduate Military Course, Doctoral Studies at the Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
ORCID 0000-0003-1132-760Х
, e-mail matros49@mail.ru
1. Akchurin A.V. Lichnost’ penitentsiarnogo prestupnika: kriminalisticheskii aspekt: monografiya [Personality of a penitentiary criminal: criminalistic aspect: monograph]. Moscow : Yurlitinform, 2019. 224 p. 2. Belkin A.R. Kriminalisticheskie klassifikatsii [Criminalistic classifications]. Moscow, 2000. 95 p. 3. Belkin R.S., Vinberg A.I. Istoriya sovetskoi kriminalistiki: Formirovanie chastnykh kriminalisticheskikh teorii (1940-e–1950-e gg.): uchebnoe posobie [History of Soviet criminology: formation of private forensic theories (1940th– 1950th): textbook]. Moscow: Akademiya MVD SSSR, 1983. 78 p. 4. Belkin R.S. Soviet criminalistics course. In: Kriminalisticheskie sredstva, priemy i rekomendatsii: uchebnik [Forensic tools, techniques and recommendations: textbook]. Moscow: Akademiya MVD SSSR, 1979. 407 p. 5. Gerasimov I.F. Nekotorye problemy raskrytiya prestuplenii [Some problems of crime detection]. Ed. by Drapkin L.Ya. Sverdlovsk: Srednee Ural’skoe knizhnoe izdatel’stvo, 1975. 183 p. 6. Golovin A.Yu. Basic criminalistic classifications of crimes. Izvestiya Tul’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki=News of the Tula State University. Economic and Legal Sciences, 2013, no 2 (2), pp. 31–40. (In Russ.). 7. Golovin A.Yu. Kriminalisticheskaya sistematika: monografiya [Criminalistic systematics: monograph]. Ed. by Yablokov N.P. Moscow: LeksEst, 2002. 335 p. 8. Davydova N.N. Kriminalisticheskie klassifikatsii prestuplenii i metodik ikh rassledovaniya: teoreticheskie problemy: dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [Criminalistic classifications of crimes and methods of their investigation: theoretical problems: Candidate of Sciences (Law) dissertation]. Saratov, 2009. 229 p. 9. Dechkin O.M. Data on the personality characteristics of convicts committed the grievous bodily injury in a correctional facility. Penitentsiarnaya nauka=Penitentiary Science, 2020, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 86–93. (In Russ.). 10. Kadnikov N.G. Klassifikatsiya prestuplenii po ugolovnomu pravu: monografiya [Classification of crimes in criminal law: monograph]. Moscow: Yuridicheskii institut MVD RF, 2000. 188 p. 11. Kolesnichenko A.N. Nauchnye i pravovye osnovy rassledovaniya otdel’nykh vidov: avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni doktora yuridicheskikh nauk [Scientific and legal bases of investigation of certain types: Doctor of Sciences (Law) dissertation abstract]. Kharkov, 1967. 28 p. 12. Kriminalistika: uchebnik dlya slushatelei pravovykh vuzov [Criminalistics: textbook for law students]. Ed. by A.Ya. Vyshinskii. Moscow: Sovetskoe zakonodatel’stvo, 1936. 126 p. 13. Nikolaichenko V.V. Penitentsiarnye i postpenitentsiarnye prestupleniya: dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni doktora yuridicheskikh nauk [Penitentiary and post-penitentiary crimes: Doctor of Sciences (Law) dissertation]. Saratov, 2006. 453 p. 14. Obraztsov V.A. Kriminalisticheskaya klassifikatsiya prestuplenii [Criminalistic classification of crimes]. Krasnoyarsk: izdatel’stvo Krasnoyarskogo universiteta, 1988. 176 p. 15. Osnovnye pokazateli deyatel’nosti ugolovno-ispolnitel’noi sistemy Rossiiskoi Federatsii (yanvar’–dekabr’ 2020 g.): informatsionno-analiticheskii sbornik [Key performance indicators of the penal enforcement system of the Russian Federation (January–December, 2020): information and analytical collection]. Tver: NIIIT FSIN Rossii, 2021. 418 p. 16. Podol’nyi N.A. Criminalistic classification of crimes as a means of optimizing the investigation. Biblioteka kriminalista=Criminologist’s Library, 2014, no. 2 (13), pp. 201–214. (In Russ.). 17. Ruzavin G.I. Metodologiya nauchnogo poznaniya: uchebnoe posobie dlya vuzov [Methodology of scientific cognition: textbook for universities]. Moscow: YuNITI-DANA, 2012. 288 p. 18. Shurukhnov N.G., Meretskii N.E. Types of forensic techniques: their system, interrelation, role in scientific research and investigation of crimes. In: Aktual’nye problemy organizatsii pravookhranitel’noi i pravozashchitnoi deyatel’nosti: materialy Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii (g. Tula, 25 yanvarya 2020 g.) [Actual problems of the organization of law enforcement and human rights activities: materials of the All-Russian scientific and practice conference (Tula, January 25, 2020)]. Tula: Tul’skii institut (filial) VGUYu (RPA Minyusta Rossii), 2020. Pp. 205–219. (In Russ.). 19. Shurukhnov N.G. Classification of forensic techniques of crime investigation, its theoretical and practical value. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta=Tomsk State University Journal, 2020, no. 450, pp. 252–256. (In Russ.). 20. Shurukhnov N.G., Akchurin A.V. Who is a penitentiary offender: a brief description of personality features, their sources, the role in the investigation. Sibirskie ugolovno-protsessual’nye i kriminalisticheskie chteniya=Siberian Criminal Process and Criminalistic Readings, 2021, no. 2 (32), pp. 100–110. (In Russ.). 21. Shurukhnov N.G. Penitentiary criminal personality. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya=Sociological Studies, 1993, no. 8, pp. 74–83. (In Russ.). 22. Shurukhnov N.G., Knyaz’kov A.S., Akchurin A.V. The personality of a penitentiary criminal: the concept and criminalistic significance of its properties. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo=Tomsk State University Journal of Law, 2021, no. 39, pp. 109–125. (In Russ.). 23. Shurukhnov N.G. Informal differentiation in correctional labor institutions. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya=Sociological Studies, 1992, no. 7, pp. 73–83. (In Russ.). 24. Shurukhnov N.G., Pudovikov A.S., Meretskii N.E. Systematization of forensic techniques: their essence, content, interrelation, official role in scientific research and investigation of crimes. In: Belgorodskie kriminalisticheskie chteniya: and creative, use not only criminal procedural actions, but also tactical techniques, technical and informational means. Investigation is also complicated by the specifics of personal characteristics of victims, who often take contradictory positions and change testimony, up to self-incrimination. Therefore, investigation of such crimes should be based on a complex of various means, not only those provided for by the current criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation. These include operationalsearch, regime and other forces, means and methods. Jurisprudence sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Belgorod forensic readings: collection of scientific papers]. Issue 6. Belgorod: Belgorodskii yuridicheskii institut MVD Rossii imeni I. D. Putilina, – 2020. Pp. 177–190. (In Russ.). 25. Yakimov I.N. Kriminalistika. Rukovodstvo po ugolovnoi tekhnike i taktike [Criminalistics. Manual of criminal technique and tactics]. Moscow: LeksEst, 2003. 496 p.