Administrative Restraint Measures Applied by Employees of the Penal System of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Commission of an Administrative Offense
Starostin S.A., Aniskina N.V. Administrative restraint measures applied by employees of the penal system of the Russian Federation in connection with the commission of an administrative offense. Penitentiary Science, 2021, vol. 15, no. 3 (55), pp. 650-658. DOI 10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-650-658.
Introduction: the article considers the theory and practice of applying administrative restraint measures implemented by employees of the penal system of the Russian Federation in case of the commission of an administrative offense. We substantiate an idea concerning the impact of the effectiveness of the use of administrative coercion measures by employees of the penal system not only on the overall level of penitentiary security, but also on state security in general. Aim: to reveal the specifics of application of administrative restraint measures in the penal system, taking into account the specifics of the law enforcement sphere. Methods: our research is based on the dialectical method of scientific cognition. The article uses general scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction, etc.), specific scientific and special methods of cognition (comparative legal, formal legal, statistical). Results: we reveal the essence of application of administrative restraint measures in the penal system; we study the practice of implementing the norms concerning the use of administrative restraint measures by employees of the penal system; we reveal the features of their application, taking into account the specifics of the sphere of law enforcement sphere, such as focusing on ensuring penitentiary security, preventing administrative offenses and crimes, application on the territory of penitentiary institutions in most cases, etc. We find out that the legal basis for the application of administrative restraint measures in the penal system of the Russian Federation needs to be improved. Conclusions: in order to increase the effectiveness of the practice of implementing administrative enforcement measures in the penal system, we formulate proposals to improve the norms of the current legislation: namely, Section V of the Law of the Russian Federation of July 21, 993 no. 5473-1 should contain definitions of the terms “use of physical force”, “use of special means”; the terms such as application and use of firearms should be distinguished; the wording “provision of medical first aid” should be replaced with “immediate provision of premedical aid to victims”. We also present arguments in favor of the expediency of supplementing Federal Law 197-FZ of July 19, 2018 “About the service in the Penal System of the Russian Federation...” with a provision that assigns to the employees of the penal system the duty to comply with the norms of criminal legislation (on necessary defense, extreme necessity and other circumstances excluding the criminality of the act) in cases of the implementation of administrative restraint measures.
Keywords: penal system; administrative coercion; Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia; employee of the penal system; administrative offense; administrative restraint measures; penitentiary security.
2. Alegin A.P., Kolodkin L.M., Koloskov A.M. et al. Administrativnoe pravo Rossii. Obshchaya chast’: uchebnik [Administrative law of Russia. General part: textbook]. Moscow: OOO “Nauch.-izdat. tsentr INFRA-M”, 2010. 506 p.
3. Altukhova E.A. Some issues of legal regulation of the implementation of state coercion measures by employees of the penal system. Ugolovno-ispolnitel’noe pravo=Penal Law, 2014, no. 1 (17), pp. 42–45. (In Russ.).
4. Aniskina N.V. Complying with the principle of territoriality in the application of administrative coercive measures by law enforcement officers. Administrativnoe pravo i protsess=Administrative Law and Process, 2020, no. 1, pp. 72–76. DOI 10.18572/2071-1166-2020-1-72-76. (In Russ.).
5. Ardashkin V.D. Mery zashchity (presecheniya) v sovetskom administrativnom prave: avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [Measures of protection (restraint) in Soviet administrative law: Candidate of Sciences (Law) dissertation abstract]. Tomsk, 1968. 17 p.
6. Dubrovskii D.S. Mery administrativnogo presecheniya, ogranichivayushchie svobodu lichnosti [Measures of administrative restraint, which restrict the freedom of an individual]. Moscow: Ros. akad. pravosudiya, 2009. 150 p.
7. Zelen’ko V.L. Voprosy teorii i praktiki primeneniya militsiei mer administrativnogo presecheniya pravonarushenii: avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [Issues related to the theory and practice of the use of measures of administrative suppression of offenses by the police: Candidate of Sciences (Law) dissertation abstract]. Kyiv, 1975. 17 p.
8. Kaplunov A.I. Administrativnoe prinuzhdenie, primenyaemoe organami vnutrennikh del (sistemno-pravovoi analiz): dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni doktora yuridicheskikh nauk [Administrative coercion applied by internal affairs bodies (system-legal analysis): Doctor of Sciences (Law) dissertation]. Moscow, 2005. 498 p.
9. Kaplunov A.I. Pravovye i takticheskie osnovy primeneniya militsiei ognestrel’nogo oruzhiya: avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [Legal and tactical bases of the use of firearms by the police: Candidate of Sciences (Law) dissertation abstract]. Moscow, 1994. 24 p.
10. Kovshevatskii V.I. On the question of the essence and legal nature of administrative coercion. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta MVD Rossii=Bulletin of Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2015, no. 6, pp. 101– 103. (In Russ.).
11. Kokorev A.N. Mery administrativnogo presecheniya, primenyaemye organami vnutrennikh del: dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [Measures of administrative restraint applied by internal affairs bodies: Candidate of Sciences (Law) dissertation]. Moscow, 2007. 253 p.
12. Kondrashov B.P., Solovei Yu.P., Chernikov V.V. Vnimanie: oruzhie! (Pravovye osnovy primeneniya ognestrel’nogo oruzhiya sotrudnikami rossiiskoi militsii) [Attention: firearms! (Legal bases of the use of firearms by Russian police officers)]. Second edition, revised and supplemented. Moscow: Interdetektiv, 1992. 159 p.
13. Brief description of the penal system. Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia: official website. Available at: http://fsin.rf/ structure/inspector/iao/statistika/Kratkaya%20har-ka%20UIS/ (accessed April 30, 2021). (In Russ.).
14. Lebedeva O.O. Pravovoe regulirovanie primeneniya prinuditel’nykh mer administrativnogo preduprezhdeniya i presecheniya: dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [Legal regulation of the application of compulsory measures of administrative prevention and suppression: Candidate of Sciences (Law) dissertation]. Nizhny Novgorod, 2017. 233 p.
15. Mel’nikov V.A. Problems of determining compulsory measures of administrative restraint. Pravo i praktika=Law and Practice, 2013, no. 2, pp. 52–60. (In Russ.).
16. Mel’nikova N.A., Vorob’ev V.I. The legal composition of smuggling prohibited items to convicts held in institutions of the penal system. In: Aktual’nye voprosy administrativnoi deyatel’nosti organov gosudarstvennoi vlasti: sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Topical issues of administrative activity of state authorities: a collection of scientific papers]. Vologda: VIPE FSIN Rossii, 2020. Pp. 61–68. (In Russ.).
17. Minges A.V.Realizatsiya konstitutsionnogo prava na neprikosnovennost’ lichnosti v sfere spetsial’nogo administrativnogo presecheniya: avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [Implementation of the constitutional right to personal inviolability in the field of special administrative restraint: Candidate of Sciences (Law) dissertation abstract]. Sverdlovsk, 1990. 18 p.
18. Nagornykh R.V. Administrative and legal coercion. In: Sushchnost’, formy i metody realizatsii ispolnitel’noi vlasti: uchebnoe posobie dlya magistratury po napravleniyu podgotovki “Yurist v sfere gosudarstvennogo upravleniya” [The essence, forms and methods of implementing executive power: a textbook for master’s degree courses in the field of training “Lawyer in the field of public administration”]. Vologda: VIPE FSIN Rossii, 2019. Pp. 133–155. (In Russ.).
19. Oparin V.N. Pravovoe regulirovanie primeneniya mer neposredstvennogo prinuzhdeniya dolzhnostnymi litsami pravookhranitel’nykh organov Rossiiskoi Federatsii: dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [Legal regulation of the use of measures of direct coercion by law enforcement officials of the Russian Federation: Candidate of Sciences (Law) dissertation]. Omsk, 1998. 225 p.
20. Osnovnye pokazateli deyatel’nosti ugolovno-ispolnitel’noi sistemy FSIN Rossii za 2015 god: informatsionnoanaliticheskii sbornik [Main indicators of the activity of the penal system of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia for 2015: an information and analytical collection]. Tver: FKU NIIIT FSIN Rossii, 2016. 402 p.
21. Osnovnye pokazateli deyatel’nosti ugolovno-ispolnitel’noi sistemy FSIN Rossii za 2020 god: informatsionnoanaliticheskii sbornik [Main indicators of the activity of the penal system of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia for 2020: an information and analytical collection]. Tver: FKU NIIIT FSIN Rossii, 2021. 386 p.
22. Ponikarov V.A., Ponikarov S.V. The ratio of administrative-legal and criminal-legal regulation of the use of firearms by employees of the penal system and other law enforcement officers. Chelovek: prestuplenie i nakazanie=Man: Crime and Punishment, 2014, no. 1 (84), pp. 119–121. (In Russ.).
23. Popov L.L., Lazarev V.V., Rozin L.M. The legal basis of administrative and compulsory measures for the protection of public order. In: Pravovye osnovy obespecheniya obshchestvennogo poryadka: uchebnoe posobie [Legal bases for ensuring public order: a textbook]. Moscow: Akademiya MVD SSSR, 1987. Pp. 69–75. (In Russ.).
24. Sevryugin V.E. Problemy administrativnogo prava: uchebnoe posobie [Problems of administrative law: a textbook]. Tyumen: Tyumen. vyssh. shk. MVD RF: Tyumen. gos. un-t., 1994. 208 p.
25. Sil’nikov A.M. Organizatsionno-pravovye osnovy primeneniya sotrudnikami politsii spetsial’nykh sredstv prinuzhdeniya: dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [Organizational and legal bases of the use of special means of coercion by police officers: Candidate of Sciences (Law) dissertation]. Saint Petersburg, 2011. 205 p.
26. Tyurin V.A. Problemy primeneniya mer presecheniya v administrativnom prave Rossii: dissertatsiya na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni doktora yuridicheskikh nauk [Problems of the application of preventive measures in the administrative law of Russia: Doctor of Sciences (Law) dissertation]. Moscow, 2004. 341 p.
27. Uchitel’ S.Yu. Neobkhodimaya oborona i ee rol’ v pravookhranitel’noi deyatel’nosti: avtoreferat dissertatsii na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata yuridicheskikh nauk [Necessary defense and its role in law enforcement: Candidate of Sciences (Law) dissertation abstract]. Moscow, 2003. 179 p.
28. Rhodes L. Human rights, those who are governed and the legitimacy of law enforcement. Comparative Civilizations Review, 2020, vol. 82, no. 82, p. 5.
29. Vuckovich P.K., Artinian B.M. Justifying coercion. Nursing Ethics, 2005, no. 12 (4), pp. 370–380. DOI 10.1191/0969733005ne802oa. Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1191/0969733005ne802oa (accessed May 21, 2021).
30. Wooldredge J., Steiner B. A macro-level perspective on prison inmate deviance. Punishment & Society, 2015, no. 17 (2), pр. 230–257. DOI: 10.1177/1462474515577151. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275154681_A_ macro-level_perspective_on_prison_inmate_deviance (accessed May 21, 2021).
