Countering Migration Legislation Violations as a Modern Threat to National Security
Samokhvalov I.Yu. Countering migration legislation violations as a modern threat to national security. Penitentiary Science, 2021, vol. 15, no. 1 (53), pp. 162-170. DOI 10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-1-162-170.
Introduction: the paper investigates migration situation in the country, reasons and prerequisites for migration-related crime, and identifies features of state prevention of migration offenses. Aim: by analyzing current migration situation, to identify problems in the field of migration-related offenses and how to counteract them at the current stage of society development. Methods: general scientific dialectical method of cognition, comparative legal method, empirical methods of description and interpretation; method of interpretation of legal norms. Results: having analyzed manifestations of migration-related crime we determine its signs, internal content, essence, types, and objectivity of existence; this allows us to put forward ways to counteract the current state of this type of crime. Conclusions: when studying how migration offenses are counteracted, we propose a number of measures that can change the existing crime situation in the migration sphere. Among them: strengthening the registration of migrants when passing the state border; increasing the responsibility of an unscrupulous employer who provides work to migrants in violation of current legislation, obliging unscrupulous employers to cover expenses related to the expulsion of illegally located migrants, strengthening the responsibility of the employer; tightening the sanctions of existing legislation for submission of false documents for registration by migrants and for registration based on false documents; strengthening the functional activities of the Federal Migration Service by granting it the right to perform intelligence-gathering activities and interaction with operative units of law enforcement agencies engaged in such activities; determining the priority of external and operative services to identify the facts of illegal stay of migrants in the territory of the metropolis; establishment of a single codified act – the migration code, regulating legal relations arising in the migration sphere.
Keywords: migration-related crime; labor migration; uncontrolled migration of labor resources; legal status; victimization; migration diasporas.
2008, no. 1, pp. 92–96. (In Russ.).
2. Vod’ko N.P. Ugolovno-pravovaya bor’ba s organizovannoi prestupnost’yu: nauchno-prakticheskoe posobie [Criminallegal fight against organized crime: scientific and practical guide]. Moscow: Yurisprudentsiya, 2000. 73 p.
3. Gladyshev Yu.A., Gorshenkov G.G., Izosimov S.V., Kuznetsov A.P. Preduprezhdenie, rassledovanie i raskrytie prestuplenii,
sovershaemykh inostrannymi grazhdanami i deyanii, napravlennykh protiv nikh: uchebnoe posobie [Prevention,
2. Ужесточение действующего законодательства, в частности усиление ответственности за предоставление подложных документов и регистрацию по ним, эффективное
применение ст. 292, 285, 327 УК РФ в отношении должностных лиц.
3. Повышение ответственности недобросовестного работодателя, незаконно предоставляющего работу мигрантам, вплоть
до обязательной оплаты расходов, связанных с выдворением незаконно находящихся
мигрантов.
4. Укрепление функциональной деятельности структур ФМС России путем
предоставления права на осуществление
оперативно-розыскной деятельности и взаимодействие с оперативными аппаратами
правоохранительной системы, определение
приоритета наружных и оперативных служб
в выявлении фактов незаконного пребывания мигрантов на территории мегаполиса,
улучшение показателей по данному направлению в отчетах МВД России и других правоохранительных структур.
5. Создание единого кодифицированного
акта – миграционного кодекса, регулирующего правовые отношения, возникающие в
миграционной сфере.
6. Введение в стране государственного
института Уполномоченного по правам мигрантов, что позволит подготовить базу для
решения многочисленных проблем мигрантов на государственном уровне.54
Н А У Ч Н О - П Р А К Т И Ч Е С К И Й Ж У Р Н А Л
investigation and disclosure of crimes committed by foreign citizens and acts directed against them: a textbook]. Nizhny
Novgorod, 2000. P. 6.
4. Prudnikov A.S., Tyurkin M.L. (Eds.). Gosudarstvenno-pravovye osnovy migratsii naseleniya v Rossiiskoi Federatsii:
uchebnoe posobie dlya studentov vuzov, obuchayushchikhsya po spetsial’nosti 021100 “Yurisprudentsiya” [State-legal
bases of population migration in the Russian Federation: a textbook for university students studying in the specialty 021100
“Jurisprudence”]. Moscow: YuNITI: Zakon i pravo, 2006. 480 p.
5. Report of the International Conference on Population and Development (Cairo, September 1994). Available at: http://
www.demoscope.ru/acrobat/icpd_rus.pdf (accessed July 6, 2020). (In Russ.).
6. Towards a fair deal for migrant workers in the global economy: report of the VI International conference of labor (92nd
session, 2004). Geneva, 2004. 214 p. P.11. (In Russ.).
7. Zagryazhskaya I. Kh. Zakonodatel’noe regulirovanie prav migranta [Legislative regulation of the rights of migrants].
Moscow: Teoriya budushchego, 2002. P. 12.
8. Iontsev V.A., Aleshkovskii I.A. Illegal migration in socio-political discourse. In: Mezhdunarodnaya migratsiya: ekonomika
i politika [International migration: economics and politics]. Moscow: TEIS, 2006. 130 p. (In Russ.).
9. Kuznetsova N.F. Qualification of complex compositions of crimes. Ugolovnoe pravo=Criminal Law, 2000, no. 1, pp. 25–
32. (In Russ.).
10. Kuznetsov A.P., Loginov E.A. Migratsiya, mezhetnicheskie otnosheniya, prestupnost’: sb. nauch. statei [Migration,
interethnic relations, crime: collection of scientific papers]. Nizhny Novgorod, 2005. 126 p.
11. Pikurov N.I., Bukalerova L.A. Podlog i drugie prestupnye posyagatel’stva na ofitsial’nyi dokumentooborot: uchebnoe
posobie [Forgery and other criminal encroachments on the official document flow: a textbook]. Volgograd: Vologograd.
akad. MVD Rossii, 2001. 112 p.
12. Problema nezakonnoi migratsii v Rossii: realii i poisk reshenii (po itogam sotsiologicheskogo obsledovaniya) [The
problem of illegal migration in Russia: realities and the search for solutions (based on the results of a sociological survey)].
Moscow, 2004. P. 154.
13. Santashova L.L., Santashov A.L. Mezhdunarodnoe sotrudnichestvo v sfere peredachi osuzhdennykh dlya otbyvaniya
nakazaniya v gosudarstva ikh grazhdanstva [International cooperation in the field of transfer of convicted persons to the
states of their citizenship for serving their sentences]. Moscow: Yurlitinform, 2021. 164 p.
14. Teplyashin P.V., Mal’kov S.M. Serving sentences by convicted foreign citizens and stateless persons as a subject of
penal research. Vestnik Kuzbasskogo instituta=Bulletin of the Kuzbass Institute, 2020, no. 2, pp. 190–197. (In Russ.).
15. Morehouse C., Blomfield M. Irregular Migration in Europe. Washington: Migration Policy Institute, 2011. 18 p.
16. Public opinion in the European Union: report. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/
archives/eb/eb78/eb78_publ_en.pdf (accessed July 6, 2020).
