On Possible Introduction of the Chinese Experience of Using Artificial Intelligence in the Criminal Process into the Russian Justice System
Byakina S.I., Zhdanov E.I., Sizova A.S. On possible introduction of the Chinese experience of using artificial intelligence in the criminal process into the Russian justice system. Penitentiary Science, 2025, vol. 19, no. 4 (72), pp. 391–399. doi 10.46741/2686-9764.2025.72.4.006.
the article considers the use of artificial intelligence in Chinese criminal
proceedings, in particular the “System 206”, an innovative approach to data analysis and decisionmaking
in law enforcement practice. According to the researchers, China is a world leader in terms
of the pace of legal regulation of digital technologies in judicial proceedings, where the key goal is
to strengthen the principles of fairness, efficiency, security and equality. This policy is implemented
through documents of the Supreme People’s Court of the People’s Republic of China, such as “Rules
of Online Court Proceedings” (2021) and “Rules of Online People’s Courts” (2022), which create
the basis for the integration of artificial intelligence into the criminal process. Purpose: to study the
implementation of this system, including technological, social and legal aspects, as well as to analyze
potential benefits and risks associated with the introduction of digital technologies and artificial
intelligence in criminal proceedings. At the same time, special attention is paid to the introduction of
Chinese positive experience in the Russian legal system, including criminal proceedings. Methods:
formal-logical and analytical, comparative-legal, statistical methods and an interpretation method.
Results: the issue of creating an effective mechanism for the use of digital technologies in the field
of criminal justice remains controversial in science. The analysis of Chinese and Russian criminal
procedure legislation and law enforcement practices of “smart court” and “AI prosecutor” shows a
number of political, organizational, ethical, financial and other problems Chinese law enforcement
agencies address when introducing artificial intelligence into the criminal process. The introduction
of modern technologies related to various intellectual platforms into the work of law enforcement
agencies helps simplify the criminal justice system, ensure access to justice, and minimize the
risks associated with the manipulation of criminal justice quality statistics. Conclusions: Chinese
experience shows that the use of digital technologies is limited to the field of intelligent services and
the intelligent service system.
Keywords: new digital reality; artificial intelligence; “System 206”; “smart court”; blockchain; “AI prosecutor”; legality of criminal proceedings; informatization; intelligent service; intelligent service system.
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